Chess variants are forms of chess where the game is played with a different board, special fairy pieces, or different rules. There are more than two thousand published chess variants, the most popular being xiangqi in China and shogi in Japan.[113][114] Chess variants can include, but are not limited to:
direct predecessors of chess (chaturanga and shatranj);
traditional national or regional variants like xiangqi, shogi, janggi (Korea), and makruk (Thailand), which share common predecessors with Western chess;
modern variants such as Chess960 invented by Bobby Fischer, where the starting position is selected randomly (from 960 possible positions) to render advance preparation of opening lines impracticable, compelling players to rely on talent and creativity instead.
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